Airfare types and definition - Airline tickets

What is an airfare ?

Definition of an airfare.

Let’s start with something easy. What is an airfare? The airfare is the price that you pay to travel on an airplane. The fare may be one-way or round-trip. The price consists of a base fare plus the regular taxes and fees. So what are the main types of airfares?

 There are two main types of fares, published airfares and unpublished airfares. Let’s dive in for a closer look.

 

1- Published airfares

Anyone can buy a published airfare. You can buy them from anywhere – airlines, travel agencies, or online booking sites.

 

Types of airfares

Below are a few different types of published airfares. They all have their own special rules, restrictions, and availabilities. Airlines will fill airplane seats with a variety of these fare types.

 

Apex fare

These fares are discounted international fares. Apex fares are usually purchased in advance – this is called advance purchase. For example, you need to buy the ticket at least 7, 14, or 21 days before departure. They will have some other restrictions attached, such as being non-refundable and fees for any changes.

 

Discount fare - Excursion fare

These fares are cheaper as they are usually available for a limited time, like a ‘seat sale’. Discount fares can have a long list of limitations like the:

– Travel dates – e.g. July – August only

– Minimum stay – e.g. 2 nights

– Maximum stay – e.g. 3 months

– No refunds  sometimes ( Non refundable - Non reroutable - Non endorsable )

 

Unrestricted , flexible , full fare , or walk-up fare

These are the most expensive types of airfares. This is because you can refund or change these tickets as necessary. They can also be purchased on the same day you travel. The pricing for these fares is used as the benchmark for the discounted fares. So, this is basically the regular price of the fare.

 

Joint fare

Joint fares are a result of more than one airline working together as partners to get you to your destination.

 

Through fare

Through fares can be combined with the above fare types and happen when you fly through a gateway city. Although you will be flying via a third city, you are only charged one fare from your departure to your destination.

 

Bereavement fare

Bereavement fares are last-minute fares that are available right up until the time of departure. Airlines offer them to family members for funerals, or in the case of imminent death. Although bereavement fares are usually discounted full fares, they may not always be the cheapest ticket. The discount is usually 50% of the full fare. You can only buy bereavement fares from the airline directly, over the phone or at the ticket counter. Apparently, in recent years many airlines have been cutting their bereavement fare options.

 

Open-jaw

An open jaw ticket is a return ticket, however, the departure and the destination are not the same each way. For example, you fly from New York to Rome, have a little road-trip around Europe, and fly back from Paris to New York. NY to Rome, Paris to NY.

There are three different types of open jaw flights:

1. Destination open jaw – NY -> Rome, Paris -> NY

2. Origin open-jaw – NY -> Rome, Rome -> Boston

3. Double open-jaw – NY -> Rome, London -> Boston

Going to a different airport in the same city is not considered to be an open-jaw flight.

 

Multi-city

Multi-city flights are single tickets that have multiple stops. Like a Round the World ticket, but you don’t have to go that far! You can turn layovers into stopovers

 

(layovers are under 12 hours and stopovers are over 12 hours). Traveling this way allows you to visit many destinations and save on overall flight costs.

 

Booking open-jaw and multi-city flights online can be very expensive. The best way to book these types of flights is to use a travel agent. They are experts at piecing together these types of flights.

 

Youth fare / child fare / infant fare / senior fares / ships crew fare etc..

When you book your flights with a travel agent, there may be the option to get reduced rates for youth, child, or senior travelers. This depends on the airline and the airfare. However, these discounts may only apply to full-fare tickets, or only be 10%, so our discounted fares may already be the cheaper option.

 Infants are usually classified as up to 24 months old (2 years).

Children are from 2-11 years old.

2-  Unpublished flight deals

So aside from published fares, we also have unpublished airfares. These airfares are not available online through flight booking websites and neither on the airline’s own website. You also cannot call the airline to book these flight deals. Travel agents find these airfares through a Global Distribution System (GDS).

 

To get an unpublished airfare, you will need to contact a travel agent. There are varying discounts available on these fares, depending on your route, airline, dates, etc. Also, the fare rules for these airfares may vary wildly, including some of the restrictions mentioned previously.

 

Unpublished airfares are also known as private airfares, wholesale airfares, consolidator airfares. Fare consolidators are also known as bucket shops in the UK.

 

Opaque airfares

Ok, here is one type of airfare you probably haven’t heard of. Opaque airfare prices are shown without revealing the airline or the flight number (and in some cases the flight times). Airlines offer these opaque fares as a way to keep the prices private until after they are purchased. This is because airlines don’t want to sell all of the seats on an airplane at the lowest price.

 

Ticket fare classes

You may find a letter code on your boarding pass or e-ticket which signifies what type of airfare you have.

 F & P Class

These lucky letters usually represent First Class.

 J & C Class

These ones are for Business Class.

 Y Class

This is pretty much always used for full-fare economy tickets.

 B , H , L , M , etc. Class

These represent other subclasses like restricted or discount fares. Each airline uses them in different ways with different meanings.

 X , U , R Class

These letters are usually used by fare consolidators.

 

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